Model Konseptual Pengembangan Agroindustri Minyak Nilam di Pasaman Barat Menggunakan Sistem Dinamik

Dina Rahmayanti, Rika Ampuh Hadiguna, Santosa Santosa, Novizar Nazir

Abstract


Abstrak

Badan Pusat Statistik Nasional (BPS) menyatakan jumlah produksi dan produktivitas minyak nilam Sumatera Barat khususnya Pasaman Barat mengalami penurunan beberapa tahun terakhir. Menurunnya produksi nilam Pasaman Barat tentunya akan berpengaruh langsung pada nilai ekspor Indonesia. Posisi Indonesia sebagai negara penghasil minyak nilam dunia akan melemah. Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan kompleksitas agroindustri minyak nilam di Pasaman Barat yang dimulai dari suplai bahan baku di tingkat petani hingga pemasaran produk berupa minyak nilam di tingkat pengumpul. Adapun tahapan yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini adalah survei dan wawancara kepada pelaku agroindustri minyak nilam di Pasaman Barat, studi literatur, membangun model rantai pasok agroindustri minyak nilam di Pasaman Barat, menentukan faktor yang mempengaruhi produksi minyak nilam di sepanjang rantai pasok, menentukan hubungan antar faktor dan pembuatan rantai untuk setiap tahapan. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dan mengambil data yang sudah ada di BPS. Faktor harga minyak nilam saat ini merupakan faktor yang mempengaruhi jumlah stok nilam pada ketiga level model. Jika harga meningkat maka stok pada masing-masing level meningkat, atau sebaliknya jika harga turun maka stok akan mengalami penurunan. Diduga faktor harga merupakan pemicu utama menurunnya produktivitas nilam di Pasaman Barat beberapa tahun terakhir.

Kata kunci: agroindustri, minyak nilam, model konseptual, sistem dinamik

 

Abstract

Badan Pusat Statistik Nasional (BPS) shows that the number production and productivity of patchouli oil at West Sumatra, especially in West Pasaman has decreased in recent years. The decline of patchouli production will have an immediate effect on Indonesia export value. Indonesia position as the producer of patchouli oil in the world will weaken. This study aims to illustrate the complexity of patchouli oil agro-industry in Pasaman Barat starting from the raw material supply at the farmer level to the marketing of patchouli oil at the collecting level. The stages of this research were survey and interview to the actors of patchouli oil agro-industry in Pasaman Barat, literature study, design supply chain of patchouli oil agro-industry in Pasaman Barat, determine the factors that influence the production of patchouli at supply chain stages, determine the relationship between factors and making the chain for each stage. Data collection were done through interviews and data that already exist in BPS. Patchouli oil current price is a factor affecting the amount of patchouli stock at the third level of the model. If price increase, stock at each level also increase, otherwise if the price falls then the stock will decrease. Perhaps the price factor is the main trigger of the decline in patchouli productivity in West Pasaman in recent years.

Keywords: agro-industry, conceptual model, dynamic system, patchouli oil

 


Keywords


agroindustri; minyak nilam; model konseptual; sistem dinamik; agro-industry; conceptual model; dynamic system; patchouli oil

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References


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https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.industria.2017.006.03.3

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