Studi Eksploratif Manajemen Sampah Makanan pada Jaringan Toko Produk Pangan di Indonesia

Ig. Jaka Mulyana, Ivan Gunawan, Venisia Tamara

Abstract


Abstrak

Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap fenomena sampah makanan pada tingkat toko produk pangan di Indonesia. Wawancara semi-terstruktur dilakukan terhadap 12 responden mewakili toko produk pangan yang memiliki jaringan di seluruh Indonesia. Hasil transkrip wawancara selanjutnya dianalisis dengan metode grounded theory sehingga menghasilkan informasi valid sebagai dasar membangun narasi dan argumentasi. Volume sampah makanan pada tiap toko produk pangan diestimasi berada di kisaran 40-50 juta rupiah per bulan. Penyumbang sampah makanan terbesar adalah produk pangan segar dengan masa simpan yang relatif singkat seperti buah dan sayur. Tindakan pencegahan yang telah dilakukan oleh toko produk pangan yakni melalui kebijakan order, evaluasi order, hingga inspeksi yang ketat. Tindakan mitigasi juga dilakukan melalui diskon hingga 50%, pengolahan lebih lanjut untuk memperpanjang masa penjualan, dan penanganan produk sebaik mungkin. Tindakan pencegahan dan mitigasi tersebut semua hanya didasarkan pertimbangan dari aspek bisnis. Kesadaran dari responden dalam mengaitkan fenomena sampah makanan dengan isu lingkungan belum ada sehingga perlu dorongan melalui kebijakan pemerintah untuk meningkatkan kesadaran terhadap dampak lingkungan dari sampah makanan.

Kata kunci: Indonesia, negara berkembang, sampah makanan, toko produk pangan

 

Abstract

This study aims to reveal the phenomenon of food waste at the store-level in Indonesia. Twelve respondents representing the grocery store chains in Indonesia are interviewed by using a semi-structured interview. Grounded theory method is used to analyze the interview transcripts so it can produce valid information as the basis for building narratives and arguments. The volume of food waste in each store is estimated at IDR 40-50 million per month. The most significant food waste contributors are fresh food products with a relatively short shelf life, such as fruits and vegetables. The preventions that have been taken by the grocery stores are through order policies, order evaluation, and strict inspection. The mitigations are also carried out through discounting the price of products up to 50%, further processing to extend the sales period, and handling the product properly. However, the preventions and the mitigations are focused only on business aspect. Other findings indicate that there is still no awareness from respondents in relating the phenomenon of food waste to the environmental issue. Therefore, government policy is needed to increase awareness of the environmental impact of food waste.

Keywords: developing country, food waste, grocery store, Indonesia


Keywords


Indonesia; negara berkembang; sampah makanan; toko produk pangan; developing country; food waste; grocery store

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References


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https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.industria.2019.008.02.3

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