Delignifikasi Batang Sawit Nonproduktif secara Organosolv dengan Asam Formiat

Fatmayati Fatmayati, Nur Asma Deli

Abstract


Abstrak

Batang sawit nonproduktif adalah salah satu biomassa lignoselulosa, sumber bioetanol generasi kedua. Pretreatment dibutuhkan untuk mendapatkan perbandingan selulosa cukup besar terhadap lignin yang kemudian dihidrolisis dan difermentasi untuk menghasilkan bioetanol. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mempelajari proses delignifikasi batang sawit nonproduktif untuk mengurangi atau menghilangkan kandungan lignin sehingga perbandingan selulosa terhadap lignin cukup besar dan mendapatkan kondisi waktu reaksi terbaik pada proses delignifikasi batang sawit nonproduktif menggunakan pelarut asam formiat. Pelaksanaan penelitian terdiri dari tiga tahapan, yaitu karakterisasi batang sawit nonproduktif sebagai bahan baku, proses delignifikasi batang sawit nonproduktif dan tahap karakterisasi pulp hasil delignifikasi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, didapatkan waktu reaksi delignifikasi terbaik pada penelitian ini yaitu 120 menit, dimana terjadi perolehan kadar lignin sebesar 8%. Pada waktu reaksi tersebut juga diperoleh kadar selulosa cukup maksimal yaitu 82,5%.

Kata kunci: asam formiat, batang sawit, delignifikasi, organosolv, pretreatment bioetanol

 

Abstract

Non-productive palm oil trunk is one of the lignocellulose biomass, second generation bioethanol source. Pre-treatment is needed to obtain a considerable cellulose ratio of lignin which is then hydrolyzed and fermented to produce bioethanol. The purpose of this study was to study the process of delignification of non-productive palm oil trunk to reduce or eliminate the lignin content so that the cellulose to lignin ratio is large and obtain the best reaction time condition in the process of delignification of non-productive palm oil trunk using formic acid solvent. The research implementation consists of three stages. There are the characterization of non-productive palm oil trunk as raw material, the process of delignification of non-productive palm oil trunk and pulp characterization stage of a delignification result. Based on the result of the research, the best delignification reaction time in this research is 120 minutes, where the lignin content is 8%. At the time of the reaction also obtained a maximum cellulose content of 82.5%.

Keywords: delignification, formic acid, organosolv, palm oil trunks, pretreatment bioethanol

 


Keywords


asam formiat; batang sawit; delignifikasi; organosolv; pretreatment bioetanol; delignification; formic acid; palm oil trunks; pretreatment bioethanol

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References


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https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.industria.2017.006.03.1

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