Physicochemical Characteristics and Anti-Bacterial Ability of Liquid Soap with the Addition of Pandan Wangi Extract

Farida Hanum Hamzah, Diswanto Putra, Yelmira Zalfiatri, Angga Pramana

Abstract


Abstract

Pandan wangi leaves have bioactive properties that can inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria so they can prevent skin infections. The ability of pandan wangi leaf extract to inhibit microbial growth can be applied to liquid soap. This research was conducted to determine the characteristics of liquid soap with the addition of pandan wangi leaf extract. This study used a completely randomized design with five treatments and three replications. The treatment in this study was a variation of adding pandan wangi leaf extract to the liquid. soap formulation, which were 1.5; 2.0; 2.5; 3.0; and 3.5 grams. The data obtained was analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results of variance showed that the addition of pandan wangi leaf extract had a significant effect on foam stability, acidity (pH), anti-bacterial activity test, and sensory test. The liquid soap treatment chosen in this study was the addition of 3.5 grams of pandan wangi extract with a foam stability value of 81.52%, specific gravity of 1.0596 g/ml, viscosity of 271.7 mPas, acidity of 9.02, amount of free alkali 0%, has an anti-bacterial inhibition zone against Escherichia coli 11.22 mm and Escherichia coli 12.22 mm, does not irritate, and is preferred by hedonic panelists with a description of pandan wangi aroma.

Keywords: anti-bacterial, liquid bath soap, pandan wangi leaf extract

 

Abstrak

Daun pandan memiliki sifat bioaktif yang dapat menghambat pertumbuhan bakteri Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli sehingga dapat mencegah infeksi kulit. Kemampuan ekstrak daun pandan wangi dalam menghambat pertumbuhan mikroba dapat diaplikasikan pada sabun cair. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui karakteristis sabun cair dengan penambahan ekstrak daun pandan wangi. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap dengan lima perlakuan dan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan dalam penelitian ini adalah variasi penambahan ekstrak daun pandan wangi dalam cairan. formulasi sabun, yaitu 1,5; 2,0; 2,5; 3,0; dan 3,5 gram. Data yang diperoleh dianalisis secara statistik menggunakan analysis of variance (ANOVA). Hasil varians menunjukkan bahwa penambahan ekstrak daun pandan wangi berpengaruh nyata terhadap stabilitas busa, keasaman (pH), uji aktivitas antibakteri, dan uji sensorik. Perlakuan sabun cair yang dipilih dalam penelitian ini adalah perlakuan penambahan 3,5 gram ekstrak pandan wangi dengan nilai stabilitas busa 81,52%, berat jenis 1,0596 g/ml, viskositas 271,7 mPas, keasaman 9,02, jumlah alkali bebas 0%, memiliki anti- zona hambat bakteri terhadap Escherichia coli 11,22 mm dan Escherichia coli 12,22 mm, tidak mengiritasi, dan disukai panelis hedonis dengan deskripsi aroma pandan wangi.

Kata kunci: anti bakteri, ekstrak daun pandan wangi, sabun mandi cair


Keywords


anti-bacterial; liquid bath soap; pandan wangi leaf extract

Full Text:

PDF

References


Agustin, Y., Rubiyanto, D., & Setyawati, A. (2020). Formulasi dan Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Sabun Cair Minyak Atsiri Kemangi terhadap Escherichia coli. Program Studi Kimia. Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam. Universitas Islam Indonesia. Yogyakarta.

Ahmed, S. F., Mofijur, M., Rafa, N., Chowdhury, A. T., Chowdhury, S., Nahrin, M., Islam, A. B. M. S., & Ong, H. C. (2022). Green approaches in synthesising nanomaterials for environmental nanobioremediation: Technological advancements, applications, benefits and challenges. Environmental Research, 204, 111967. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2021.111967

Apriliani, S. T., Neswati, & Kasim, A. (2018). Pengaruh Perbedaan Konsentrasi Ekstrak Daun Pandan Wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius, Roxb) terhadap Karakteristik Sabun Transparan. Fakultas Teknologi Pertanian. Universitas Andalas. Padang.

Asemave, K., & Edoka, F. A. (2021). Comparative analysis of soap made from different composition of mango kernel oil and coconut oil with two other commercial soaps. Chemistry Research Journal, 6(3), 75–83.

Atmanto, D. (2019). Effectiveness of utilizing VCO oil and castor oil on natural creams for dry skin treatment due to environmental factors. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1402(2), 022093. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1402/2/022093

SNI 06-4085-1996. Sabun Mandi Cair, National Standardization Agency of Indonesia 1 (1996).

Bali, P. N. C., Raif, A., & Tarigan, S. B. (2019). Uji efektivitas daun pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.) Sebagai antibakteri terhadap Salmonella typhi. BioLink : Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan, Industri Dan Kesehatan, 6(1), 65–72. https://doi.org/10.31289/biolink.v6i1.2218

Bhuyan, B., & Sonowal, R. (2021). An overview of Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.exLindl. and its potential impact on health. Current Trends in Pharmaceutical Research, 8(1), 138–157.

Bratovcic, A., Nazdrajic, S., Odobasic, A., & Sestan, I. (2018). The influence of type of surfactant on physicochemical properties of liquid soap. International Journal of Materials and Chemistry, 8(2), 31–37.

Damayanti, S., Kusdarwati, R., & Suprapto, H. (2019). Bacterial resistance of Escherichia coli against antibiotics in Clarias batrachus digestion. AACL Bioflux, 12(6), 2195–2201.

Dasopang, E. S., & Simutuah, A. (2016). Formulasi sediaan gel antiseptik tangan dan uji aktivitas antibakteri dari ekstrak etanol daun pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb.). BioLink : Jurnal Biologi Lingkungan, Industri Dan Kesehatan, 3(1), 81–91.

Febriani, Y., Mierza, V., & Septimar, E. (2021). Comparison of formulations and antioxidant activity of transparent soap from red and black plum (Prunus domestica L.). Jurnal Matematika Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam LLDikti Wilayah 1 (JUMPA), 1(2), 29–36. https://doi.org/10.54076/jumpa.v1i2.45

Ismiyati, N., Mardiyaningsih, A., & Herdianti, S. (2021). Efek antibakteri fraksi kloroform dari ekstrak etanol daun pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb). Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Bhakti Setya Medika, 6(1), 37–43.

Jacky, Putri, D. A., & Azizah, M. (2019). Uji aktivitas anti bakteri ekstrak etanol daun pandan wangi (Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb) terhadap bakteri penyebab diare. Jurnal Kesehatan Saelmakers PERDANA (JKSP), 2(1), 91–98.

Jayathilaka, N., & Seneviratne, K. N. (2022). Phenolic antioxidants in coconut oil: Factors affecting the quantity and quality. A review. Grasas y Aceites, 73(3), e466. https://doi.org/10.3989/gya.0674211

Jovanti, M., Sada, M., Moi, M. Y., Matematika, P., Ilmu, D., Alam, P., Jovanti, M., Matematika, P., Ilmu, D., & Alam, P. (2023). Study of Diversity of Natural Dyes Plants in Egon Village Waigete District , Sikka Regency. 3(1), 54–63. https://doi.org/10.30596/jcositte.v1i1.xxxx

Kurniawan, R. A., & Zafira, B. L. (2022). Karakterisasi Nano Liquid Soap Berbahan Baku Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO) Dengan Penambahan Filtrat Buah Delima (Punica Granatum L.). Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Dan Farmasi, 10(1), 38–46. https://doi.org/10.51673/jikf.v10i1.1092

Muthmainnah, R., Rubiyanto, D., & Julianto, T. S. (2016). Formulasi Sabun Cair Berbahan Aktif Minyak Kemangi Sebagai Antibakteri Dan Pengujian Terhadap Staphylococcus Aureus. Chemical, 1(2), 44–50. https://doi.org/10.20885/ijcr.vol1.iss2.art6

Nabilla, A. N., & Advinda, L. (2022). Antimicrobic Activities Of Solid Soap Against Staphylococcus aureus Dan Escherichia coli Human Pathogen Bacteria. Jurnal Serambi Biologi, 7(4), 306–310.

Nofikasari, I., Rufaida, A., Aqmarina, C. D., Failasofia, Fauia, A. R., & Handajani, J. (2016). Efek aplikasi topikal gel ekstrak pandan wangi terhadap penyembuhan luka gingiva ekstrak daun pandan wangi konsentrasi 50 % dalam dilakukan di Laboratorium Penelitian dan Pengujian Terpadu ( LPPT ) Unit III Universitas Gadjah Mada Surat keterangan kelayak. Majalah Kedokteran Gigi Indonesia, 2(2), 53–59.

Noviyandri, P. R., Andayani, R., & Rizky, E. (2018). Potensi ekstrak alga merah Gracilaria verrucosa sebagai penghambat perkembangan pembentukan biofilm Enterococcus faecalis pada infeksi saluran akar gigi. JDS (Journal of Syiah Kuala Dentistry Society), 3(1), 6–15.

Nugrahaeni, F., Yati, K., & Sukmara. (2016). Pengaruh Variasi Gliseril Monostearat pada Krim Ekstrak Kulit Buah Naga Super Merah (Hylocereus costaricensis Britt. Et R.) dan Uji Antioksidannya. Indonesian Pharmaceutical Journal, 6(1), 39–48.

Nurlila, R. U., Sudiana, & Fua, J. La. (2021). Efek antibakteri daun sagu (Metroxylon sagu Rottb.) terhadap pertumbuhan Staphylococcus aureus dan Escherichia coli. Jurnal Mandala Pharmacon Indonesia, 7(2), 285–322.

Nurrosyidah, I. H., Asri, M., & Ma’ruf, A. F. (2019). Uji stabilitas fisik sediaan sabun padat ekstrak rimpang temugiring (Curcuma heyneana Valeton & Zijp). PHARMACY: Jurnal Farmasi Indonesia (Pharmaceutical Journal of Indonesia), 16(2), 209–215. https://doi.org/10.30595/pharmacy.v16i2.4505

Predianto, H., Momuat, L. I., & Sangi, M. S. (2017). Produksi sabun mandi cair berbahan baku vco yangditambahkan dengan ekstrak wortel (Daucus carrota). Chemistry Progress, 10(1), 24–28. https://doi.org/10.35799/cp.10.1.2017.27971

Rajivgandhi, G. N., Maruthupandy, M., Li, J.-L., Dong, L., Alharbi, N. S., Kadaikunnan, S., Khaled, J. M., Alanzi, K. F., & Li, W.-J. (2020). Photocatalytic reduction and anti-bacterial activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles against multi drug resistant Staphylococcus saprophyticus BDUMS 5 (MN310601). Materials Science and Engineering: C, 114(April), 111024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msec.2020.111024

Rusdianto, A. S., Yulianti, A., Suwasono, S., & Wiyono, A. E. (2021). The characteristics of liquid soap with additional variations of moringa seed extract (Moringa oleifera L.). International Journal on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (IJFANRES), 2(3), 5–11. https://doi.org/10.46676/ij-fanres.v2i3.43

Sansena, M. A., Oktorida, R., & Wahyuni, I. (2018). Ensiklopedia Tanaman Pangan dan Obat : Berbasis Pemanfaatan Keanekaragaman Hayati di Masyarakat Adat Baduy Dalam. FKIP Untirta Publishing.

Sany, I. P., Romadhon, & Fahmi, A. S. (2019). Physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of solid soap enriched with crude Eucheuma cottoni extract. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 246(1), 012066. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/246/1/012066

Saputra, I. E., Soebrata, B. M., & Sutanto, A. I. (2014). Pembuatan Sabun Cair Transparan Berbahan Dasar Minyak Kelapa dan Minyak Kelapa Sawit. Institut Pertanian Bogor.

Simbolon, M. T. M., Zalfiatri, Y., & Hamzah, F. (2018). Pembuatan sabun transparan dengan penambahan ekstrak batang pepaya sebagai antibakteri. Chempublish Journal, 3(2), 57–68. https://doi.org/10.22437/chp.v3i2.5713

Suharsanti, R., & Ariyani, L. W. (2018). Karakteristik Fisik dan Indeks Iritasi Pada Sediaan Shooting Gel Kombinasi Lidah Buaya dan Buah Anggur. Jurnal Media Farmasi Indonesia, 13(1), 1293–1298.

Sukeksi, L., Sianturi, M., & Setiawan, L. (2018). Pembuatan sabun transparan berbasis minyak kelapa dengan penambahan ekstrak buah mengkudu (Morinda citrifolia) sebagai bahan antioksidan. Jurnal Teknik Kimia USU, 7(2), 33–39. https://doi.org/10.32734/jtk.v7i2.1648

Wahyuni, S., & Dhora, A. (2019). Saponification-Neutralization of Oleic Acid Palm Oil Become a Friendly Enviromental Foaming Agent. Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian, 29(3), 317–326. https://doi.org/10.24961/j.tek.ind.pert.2019.29.3.3173

Wang, H., Wei, X., Du, Y., & Wang, D. (2019). Experimental investigation on the dilatational interfacial rheology of dust-suppressing foam and its effect on foam performance. Process Safety and Environmental Protection, 123, 351–357. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psep.2019.01.027

Wang, L., Lou, Z., Jiang, K., & Shen, G. (2019). Bio‐Multifunctional Smart Wearable Sensors for Medical Devices. Advanced Intelligent Systems, 1(5), 1900040. https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.201900040

Widyasanti, A., & Ramadha, C. A. (2018). Pengaruh imbangan aquadest dalam pembuatan sabun mandi cair berbahan virgin coconut oil (vco). Agrisaintifika : Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Pertanian, 2(1), 35–50. https://doi.org/10.32585/ags.v2i1.217

Wildan, A. A. (2010). Optimasi Cairan Penyari Pada Pembuatan Ekstrak Daun Pandan Wangi (Pandanus Amaryllifous Roxb) Secara Maserasi Terhadap Kadar Fenolik dan Flavonoid Total. Momentum, 6(2), 36–41.

Wulandari, D., Ayu, D. F., & Ali, A. (2018). Pengaruh minyak atsiri bangle (Zingiber purpureum Roxb.) sebagai antibakteri terhadap kualitas sabun cair. Jurnal Agroindustri Halal, 4(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.30997/jah.v4i1.882

Zubair, M. F., Atolani, O., Ibrahim, S. O., Oguntoye, O. S., Abdulrahim, H. A., Oyegoke, R. A., & Olatunji, G. A. (2018). Chemical and biological evaluations of potent antiseptic cosmetic products obtained from Momordica charantia seed oil. Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy, 9(May), 35–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scp.2018.05.005




https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.industria.2023.012.01.3

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.